Rabu, 11 Juni 2014

The Many Ways Of Handling Infertility

By Barbara Patridge


If a woman is unable to carry a baby till the end of pregnancy period or an individual is unable to produce an offspring, they are termed as infertile. Infertility has many causes and its prevalence has been on the rise since 1980. It can be natural or medically induced.

Primary sterility refers to a condition in which a couple has never been able to conceive a child while the secondary type relates to a couple that suffers the condition subsequently after the first conception. This is determined using only one pair at a time.

With time, several trends have emerged in cases of barrenness cutting across all countries in the world. First, it is estimated that about five percent of couples, especially women, have this problem unresolved. In many countries, one out of every seven couples is a victim of this tragedy. Generally, women become increasingly infertile as they age. Some cases show that the inadequacy may either come from men or women. However, the cause may not be established as regards the source of the issue between both.

Several factors may cause barrenness in either sex, for instance, damage of the DNA, genetic factors such as Robertsonian translocation in one of the partners, general factors like diabetes mellitus and thyroid disorders, hypothalamic-pituitary factors like hypopituitarism and environmental factors which include toxins, chemical dusts and tobacco smoking.

In males, if their semen quality is low, they have a low sperm count, if they suffer from testicular malformations, hormone imbalance or experience blockage of the duct system, they may end up suffering from sterility. In females, blockage of fallopian tubes, being underweight and overweight, experiencing inability to ovulate, uterine complications and infections such as Chlamydia and development of scar tissue may lead to the problem.

Treatment of barrenness depends on what has caused it. This may take the form of counseling or fertility treatments. A duo may decide on using at-home conception kits or even assisted natural conception. Medically, fertility medication such as medical surgery, use of medical devices, in vitro fertilization or other technologically assisted techniques of reproduction may be used. Several other medical techniques such as tuboplasty and assisted hatching may also be applied.

Emergent ethical issues in this complication include the costly nature of therapies and medication, exemption of the same in insurance packages, the argument that facilities used to treat the defect could be used in better alternative services, people being against destruction of the embryo, many cases of premature and multiple births as well as the fact that these problem is likely to be transmitted to offspring.

Bareness has both social and personal implications. To an individual, effects range from anxiety in marriage, discord among couples, depression, loathe for motherhood, loss of imagined life, pressure of underachievement, stress and detaching from religious doctrines. Socially, there is development of stigma, avoiding the issue, rejection, inheritance difficulties and loss friends.

In developing countries, inability to reproduce has grave implications on the individual or couple since child production is used as a social pillar and a basis for family income generation. One is likely to suffer stigmatization and abandonment by spouse and family. In most cases, it is assumed that the woman is the cause of the problem.




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