Kamis, 30 Januari 2014

Measuring Breathlessness With A Spirometer

By Serena Price


Difficulty breathing is a common complaint and a conundrum for the diagnostician. A spirometer is a type of pulmonary function monitor PFM), a device that measures the volume of air breathed in and out by the lungs. The printed output from the device will detect two different kinds of atypical ventilation patterns, restrictive and obstructive. There are several types of spirometers that use different approaches for measuring air movement (ultrasound, water gauge, pressure transducers). Today, there are also standalone and computer-based devices.

Pulmonary function tests are used to rule out lung diseases such as emphysema, bronchitis and asthma. They are also used to determine the cause of shortness of breath, assess the effects of medications or contaminants on the lungs and to monitor the progress of treatment. They are performed in advance of lung surgery as a benchmark with which to compare the effectiveness of the procedure.

It was Claudius Galen, noted Roman physician, who devised the first PFM and conducted the first lung function tests. This took place in the late first or early second century AD. Later instruments were based on a bell jar turned upside down in water. Modern variants include the whole body plethysmograph, peak flow meter and the pneumotachometer.

According to the Mayo Clinic, shortness of breath may be defined as an intense chest tightening and a feeling of being suffocated. It may be confined to a single episode or it may become chronic. While it is important to rule out any serious problems underlying breathlessness, in most cases the root cause is harmless and easily curable.

There half a dozen or so red flag symptoms which, in conjunction with shortness of breath, may point to a serious problem. These red flags include being pale or tired all the time, a chronic cough or wheeze, swollen ankles, difficulty breathing when lying flat, a pain that worsens with exercise, a history of working around asbestos, industrial fumes, wood dust, or in a coal mine and any other persistent or unusual symptoms. If you experience any of the above, then you should consult your doctor.

Asthma, a chronic inflammation of the airways, is one of these serious conditions. The Centers for Disease Control in Atlanta estimate that, at any one time, there are as many as 18.9 million ambulatory adults with asthma. This equates to 8.2 percent of those adults who are not institutionalized.

Once any serious cause has been ruled out, most cases of breathlessness are related to one of two causes, bad respiratory habits and weak muscles; or trigger points, or muscle knots. These are both minor and easily treatable. The treatment is safe, free and almost fun. It consists of identifying and massaging trigger points.

The spirometer is a device that has been in use for nearly two thousand years for the detection of breathlessness. It can identify whether breathlessness is present, but further investigations are required to rule out serious conditions like asthma. Once sinister problems have been ruled out, the cause of shortness of breath is most likely a combination of trigger points and dysfunctional breathing technique. This can be easily remedied with a regime of trigger point massage and breathing exercises.




About the Author:



Tidak ada komentar:

Posting Komentar